DBMS Notes of Data Model and E-R Model Part-1

Database Model:
Logical structure of a database and fundamental determines in which manner data can be stored, organized and manipulated.

1)Hierarchical Model:

• Data is organized in tree like structure, implying a single parent for each record.
• Allows to one to many relationship

2)Network Model:

• Allows many to many relationship in a graph like structure that allows multiple parents.
• Organise data using two fundamental concepts called records and sets.

3)Relational Data Model:
Collection of tables to represent data and the relationship among those data. Eg: Oracle, Sybase.

4)Object Oriented Data Model:
Data and their relationship are organized or contained in a single structure known as object.

Hierarchical ,Network and Relational data model is type of Record Based Model 

ENTITY RELATIONSHIP MODEL DESIGN

1)Entity: It is "thing" or "object" in the real world that is distinguishable from all other objects. An entity has a set of properties and values for some set of properties that may uniquely identify an entity.

2)Entity Set:
Collection of entities all having same properties or attributes.

3)Attributes:
Each entity is described by set of attributes/properties. Attributes are descriptive properties possessed by each member of an entity set.
For each attributes, there is set of permitted values called domain or value set of the attributes.

Types of attributes:

1)Simple Attributes: Not divided into subpart eg: any unique number like 1234
2)Composite Attributes: Divided into subpart eg: Name is divided into first name, middle name and last name.
3)Single Value Attribute: Single value for a particular entity eg: order_id
4)Multivalued Attribute: More than one value for a particular entity eg: Phone No.
5)Derived Attribute: Attribute value is dependent on some other attribute.Eg: Age

Null Values: Entity doesn't have value for the attribute.